1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
4 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
7 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
8 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
12 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom
13 to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
14 intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
15 software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
16 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
17 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
18 using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
19 the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
22 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
23 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
24 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
25 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
26 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
27 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
29 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
30 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
31 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if
32 you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
34 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
35 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
36 you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
37 source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
40 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
41 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
42 distribute and/or modify the software.
44 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
45 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
46 software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on,
47 we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the
48 original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect
49 on the original authors' reputations.
51 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
52 patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
53 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
54 program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
55 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at
58 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
61 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
63 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a
64 notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
65 under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
66 refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
67 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
68 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
69 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
70 language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
71 the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
73 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
74 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
75 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
76 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program
77 (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that
78 is true depends on what the Program does.
80 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source
81 code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously
82 and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice
83 and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to
84 this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other
85 recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the
88 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
89 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a
92 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of
93 it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute
94 such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above,
95 provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
97 * a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
98 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
99 * b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
100 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
101 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
102 parties under the terms of this License.
103 * c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
104 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
105 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
106 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
107 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
108 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
109 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
110 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does
111 not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the
112 Program is not required to print an announcement.)
114 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
115 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
116 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
117 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
118 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
119 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
120 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
121 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
122 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
125 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
126 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
127 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
128 collective works based on the Program.
130 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
131 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
132 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
133 the scope of this License.
135 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
136 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
137 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
138 * a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
139 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
140 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software
142 * b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
143 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
144 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
145 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
146 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
147 customarily used for software interchange; or,
148 * c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
149 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
150 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
151 received the program in object code or executable form with such
152 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
154 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
155 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
156 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
157 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
158 control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
159 special exception, the source code distributed need not include
160 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
161 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
162 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
163 itself accompanies the executable.
165 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
166 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
167 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
168 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
169 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
171 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
172 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise
173 to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and
174 will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
175 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
176 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
177 parties remain in full compliance.
179 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
180 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
181 distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
182 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
183 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
184 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
185 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
186 the Program or works based on it.
188 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
189 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
190 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
191 these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
192 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
193 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
196 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
197 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
198 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
199 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
200 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
201 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
202 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
203 may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
204 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
205 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
206 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
207 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
209 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
210 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
211 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
214 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
215 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
216 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
217 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
218 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
219 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
220 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
221 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
222 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
225 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
226 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
228 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
229 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
230 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
231 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
232 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
233 countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
234 the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
236 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
237 versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new
238 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
239 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
241 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
242 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and
243 "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and
244 conditions either of that version or of any later version published by
245 the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a
246 version number of this License, you may choose any version ever
247 published by the Free Software Foundation.
249 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
250 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the
251 author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the
252 Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we
253 sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the
254 two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free
255 software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
259 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
260 WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
261 EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
262 OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
263 KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
264 IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
265 PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
266 PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME
267 THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
269 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
270 WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
271 AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
272 FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
273 CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
274 PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
275 RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
276 FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF
277 SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
280 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS